Forms (patterns)

he Korean terms hyeong, poomsae and teul are all used to refer to taekwondo forms or "patterns." These are equivalent to kata in karate.

• The word ''hyeong'' is often romanized as ''hyung'' - hyeong is the term usually used in traditional taekwondo (i.e., 1950s-1960s styles of Korean martial arts).
• ''Poomsae'' is sometimes romanized as ''pumsae'' or ''poomse'' - poomsae is the term officially used by Kukkiwon/WTF-style and ATA-style taekwondo.
• ''Teul'' is often romanized as ''tul'' - teul is the term usually used in ITF/Chang Hon-style taekwondo.

A hyeong is a systematic, prearranged sequence of martial techniques that is performed either with or without the use of a weapon. In dojangs (taekwondo training gymnasiums) hyeong are used primarily as a form of interval training that is useful in developing mushin, proper kinetics and mental and physical fortitude. Hyeong may resemble combat, but are artistically non-combative and woven together so as to be an effective conditioning tool. One's aptitude for a particular hyeong may be evaluated in competition. In such competitions, hyeong are evaluated by a panel of judges who base the score on many factors including energy, precision, speed, and control. In Western competitions, there are two general classes of hyeong: creative and standard. Creative hyeong are created by the performer and are generally acrobatic in nature and do not necessarily reflect the kinetic principles intrinsic in any martial system.
Different taekwondo styles and associations (ATA, ITF, GTF, WTF, etc.) use different taekwondo forms. Even within a single association, different schools in the association may use slightly different variations on the forms, or use different names for the same form (especially in older styles of taekwondo). This is especially true for beginner forms, which tend to be less standardized than mainstream forms.

ATA Songahm-style[15]	ITF Chang Hon-style[16]	GTF style[17]	WTF Kukkiwon-style[18]	Jhoon Rhee style[19]
	Beginner Exercises (3)	Beginner Exercises (3)	Unofficial Beginner Forms (usually 3-5)	Beginner Forms (2)
	Four Direction Punch	Four Direction Punch	Kicho Hyeong Il Bu, or Kibon Hana	Kamsah
	Four Direction Block	Four Direction Block	Kicho Hyeong Ee Bu, or Kibon Dool	Kyu-Yool
	Four Direction Thrust	Four Direction Thrust	Kicho Hyeong Sam Bu, or Kibon Set
Color Belt Forms (9)	Color Belt Forms (9)	Color Belt Forms (11)	Color Belt Forms (Taegeuk, 8)	Color Belt Forms (8)
Songahm 1	Chon-Ji	Chon-Ji	Taegeuk Il Jang	Jayoo
Songahm 2	Dan-Gun	Dan-Gun	Taegeuk Ee Jang	Chosang
Songahm 3	Do-San	Do-San	Taegeuk Sam Jang	Hanguk
Songahm 4		Jee-Sang	Taegeuk Sa Jang	Jung-Yi
Songahm 5	Won-Hyo	Won-Hyo	Taegeuk Oh Jang	Pyung-Wa
In Wha 1	Yul-Gok	Yul-Gok	Taegeuk Yook Jang	Meegook
In Wha 2		Dhan-Goon	Taegeuk Chil Jang	Chasin
Choong Jung 1	Joong-Gun	Joong-Gun	Taegeuk Pal Jang	Might for Right
Choong Jung 2	Toi-Gye	Toi-Gye
	Hwa-Rang	Hwa-Rang
	Choong-Moo	Choong-Moo
Black Belt Forms (8)	Black Belt Forms (15)	Black Belt Forms (19)	Black Belt Forms (9)	Black Belt Forms
Shim Jun	Kwang-Gae	Kwang-Gae	Koryo	Same as ITF
Jung Yul	Pe-Eun	Po-Eun	Keumgang
Chung San	Gae-Baek	Gae-Baek	Taebaek
Sok Bong		Jee-Goo	Pyongwon
Chung Hae	Eui-Am	Eui-Am	Sipjin
Jhang Soo	Choong-Jang	Choong-Jang	Jitae
Chul Joon	Juche, or Go-Dang*	Go-Dang	Cheonkwon
Jeong Seung		Jook-Am	Hansoo
	Sam-Il	Sam-Il	Ilyeo
	Yoo-Sin	Yoo-Sin
	Choi-Yong	Choi-Yong	Older Color Belt Forms (Palgwae, 8)
		Pyong-Hwa	Palgwae Il Jang
	Yon-Gae	Yon-Gae	Palgwae Ee Jang
	Ul-Ji	Ul-Ji	Palgwae Sam Jang
	Moon-Moo	Moon-Moo	Palgwae Sa Jang
		Sun-Duk	Palgwae Oh Jang
	So-San	So-San	Palgwae Yook Jang
	Se-Jong	Se-Jong	Palgwae Chil Jang
	Tong-Il	Tong-Il	Palgwae Pal Jang
	Older Black Belt Forms		Older Black Belt Forms
	* Go-Dang is considered deprecated in most ITF styles		Original Koryo
	U-Nam is an ITF Chang-Hon form that appears only in the 1959 edition of Choi Hong Hi's Tae Kwon Do Teaching Manual [20]
			Candidate Demo Forms (never officially finalized)
			Hanryu
			Bikkak